What method is commonly used to calibrate radiation detection devices?

The commonly used method to calibrate radiation detection devices involves using known radiation sources to adjust and verify their accuracy. This process allows for precise adjustments to the detector's readings based on a standard reference. By exposing the device to radiation of a known intensity and energy, technicians can measure how the device responds and make necessary adjustments to ensure that it provides accurate readings in real-world applications. This method is critical as it establishes a reliable baseline for measuring radiation levels and helps maintain the integrity of radiation monitoring efforts.

In comparison, methods like adjusting based on manufacturer standards may not account for variations in specific operational environments or changes in the device's performance over time. Testing with random radiation levels lacks scientific rigor since it does not provide a clear benchmark for accuracy. Training periods with non-radioactive materials do not contribute to calibration since the materials do not produce radiation and do not inform the device’s capability to detect actual radiation. Thus, the use of known radiation sources is the most reliable and effective method for ensuring the accuracy of these devices.